Focus on Majors: AI

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming the world, changing how we work, learn, and make decisions. Universities are responding by updating courses and programs to prepare students for careers in an AI-driven future. Colleges are embracing AI as both a tool and a subject of study.

Students who understand, analyze, and apply AI across different fields will have a significant advantage in the job market. AI is no longer confined to computer science; it’s essential in business, media, medicine, and the arts. Those who grasp AI’s potential and limitations will be positioned to lead industries increasingly reliant on technology, data-driven decision-making, and automation.

AI isn’t just for tech students. Small colleges, even those without specific majors in AI or engineering, incorporate AI into philosophy, ethics, and media studies, helping students critically examine its role in society. For example, at Pomona College, Bowdoin College, and Wesleyan University, students explore AI ethics, bias in machine learning, algorithmic decision-making, and AI’s influence on democracy and privacy. These courses encourage discussions on responsibility in AI development and policy.

Courses at Brown University examine AI through modern culture and media, where students analyze AI-generated content like deepfake videos and AI-written articles. Swarthmore College courses link  AI to cognitive science, studying how machine learning mimics human decision-making. Meanwhile, the Rochester Institute of Technology and the University of Arizona programs incorporate AI into digital humanities and computational linguistics, offering hands-on work in natural language processing and AI-assisted creative writing. These programs highlight AI’s broader impact on communication, culture, and society.

As AI becomes integral to business, universities are training students to apply AI-driven strategies in finance, marketing, and supply chain management. USC’s Marshall School of Business offers an AI for Business program, where students learn predictive analytics, customer insights, and automated decision-making. Case studies explore AI’s role in optimizing digital marketing and logistics. At the Wharton School, students use AI-powered analytics for market forecasting and financial risk assessment. Similarly, the University of Texas at Dallas integrates AI into business analytics, offering hands-on experience with AI-driven customer insights, fraud detection, and automation tools used by major corporations. These programs showcase AI’s transformative impact on business and the growing demand for AI-savvy professionals.

For students drawn to AI’s technical side, universities are at the forefront of AI research in robotics, deep learning, and autonomous systems. While institutions such as MIT, Carnegie Mellon, and Stanford continue pushing AI innovation, AI-focused education is expanding.

Georgia Tech offers an AI minor available to all disciplines, ensuring that business, humanities, and science majors gain AI literacy. The University of Michigan and UC Berkeley provide AI tracks in computer science, covering reinforcement learning, generative AI, and AI-driven cybersecurity. Oregon State University and Cal Poly SLO emphasize industry collaboration, partnering with companies to solve real-world AI challenges in automation and software development. These programs make advanced AI education more accessible and emphasize practical applications.

AI is shaping industries beyond STEM, particularly healthcare and gaming. The University of Texas at San Antonio (UTSA) offers a Dual Degree in Medicine and AI, training future doctors to integrate AI into diagnostics, personalized treatment, and robotic-assisted surgeries. AI-powered tools, such as machine learning models for radiology and AI-driven drug discovery, are revolutionizing medical care and research.

AI is also transforming gaming. At UC Santa Cruz, the Games and Playable Media program explores AI-driven storytelling and dynamic gameplay. AI is used in procedural content generation, allowing game environments to evolve based on player behavior, and in designing intelligent non-player characters (NPCs) that adapt and respond more realistically. These programs highlight AI’s growing influence in creative and interactive fields.

As AI reshapes industries, universities are preparing students to navigate this evolving landscape. By integrating AI education across disciplines, colleges are not just teaching technical skills but also encouraging critical thinking about AI’s ethical and societal impact. Whether students engage with AI 

through liberal arts, business, or technical studies, they will have opportunities to apply this technology in meaningful ways.

For high school students planning their futures, AI literacy is becoming essential, opening doors across a wide range of careers, some of which don’t even exist today.  As universities expand AI-related programs, students will have more opportunities than ever to explore how AI can shape their professional paths, regardless of their chosen field.

Careers for AI Majors

Liberal Arts & Interdisciplinary Studies

AI Ethics Consultant

Digital Media Strategist

Computational Linguist

Business & Industry Applications

AI-Driven Market Analyst

Financial AI Analyst

AI-Powered Supply Chain Manager

STEM & Engineering

AI Research Scientist

Autonomous Systems Engineer

AI Cybersecurity Specialist

Medicine & Gaming

AI Healthcare Specialist

AI Game Designer

Biomedical AI Engineer

Understanding Letters of Recommendation

The application requirements for many colleges in the US include a letter of recommendation from the student's high school guidance counselor and often one or two of their classroom teachers. These letters provide colleges with insight into who you are beyond your grades and test scores. Typically, there are two main types of recommendations you’ll need:

Colleges often ask for letters from teachers who have taught you in core subjects such as English, math, science, social studies, or a world language, preferably during your junior or senior year. The teacher you ask should be someone who knows your academic strengths well and can speak about your potential for success in college courses.

A letter from your school counselor gives colleges a sense of your role within the school community. Many counselors are busy and may not know every student personally, and colleges understand this. However, some colleges require letters of recommendation from the counselor as they value the counselor’s perspective on your academic journey and personal character.

Teachers are busy professionals, and writing a recommendation is a favor they’re doing for you. Here’s how you can make their job easier:

High schools, colleges, and individual teachers may have specific guidelines for recommendations. Before asking for a letter, make sure you’re clear on the requirements and deadlines for both your school and each college.

Pick teachers who can write a personal and thoughtful recommendation. A teacher who knows you well and can speak to your work ethic and character will provide a strong letter. 

Request recommendations well in advance—ideally, at the beginning of your senior year or even before the end of junior year. Waiting until fall can be risky, as teachers and counselors will be overwhelmed with requests by then, and they may not have enough time to write a letter for you.

Provide your recommenders with at least a month’s notice before the application deadline. Writing a great recommendation letter takes time, and the earlier you ask, the better.

Never demand a letter. Instead, politely ask, “Would you be willing to write a positive letter of recommendation for me?” If someone declines, don’t take it personally. Thank them and move on to another teacher.

In the spring, your Journey Ahead counselor assigns students to complete a questionnaire or "brag sheet" to help recommenders write a more detailed knowledgable, and thoughtful letter. Be thorough and turn it in early, giving your writers plenty of time to review your achievements.

Lastly, once your letters are complete, take the time to thank your recommenders. Also, keep them updated on your college admissions results. They’ll appreciate hearing about the outcome of your applications!

How to Evaluate Test Prep Providers

Most students are anxious about taking standardized tests.  Taking a good test prep course or working one-on-one with a tutor can help alleviate some of this anxiety by allowing students to become familiar with the exams and test-taking strategies.  Here are some questions to guide you when looking for classes or tutors:

Who will be conducting the test prep?  Some independent test prep tutors or those who work for larger companies are recent college graduates with high SAT/ACT scores when they took the exam in high school. Be cautious if this is the case. There is a difference between scoring well on an exam and being able to teach others how to do well.  Be sure to ask the tutor or company about specific training and effective teaching, not just being a strong test taker.  The best approach is either to use experienced educators as instructors, or at a minimum, ensure the instructors have had training in effective teaching practices.

Does the tutor or class incorporate anxiety-reducing skills? When evaluating courses or tutors, ask about their experience teaching anxiety management techniques. Look for those who incorporate mindfulness exercises, breathing strategies, and positive visualization alongside content preparation. These stress-reduction skills can significantly improve test-day performance.

What about students with learning differences? If your teen has a diagnosed learning difference or disability, look for test prep providers who have specific experience working with students with similar needs. Ask about the instructor's training and background in working with learning differences and their familiarity with common testing accommodations such as extended time or separate testing rooms. The best providers will be able to tailor their teaching methods to your teen's specific learning style and challenges, whether that's breaking down complex problems into smaller steps, using visual aids, or incorporating multisensory learning techniques. They should also be knowledgeable about the documentation required to apply for testing accommodations and be able to help students practice using their approved accommodations effectively during prep sessions. 

Will the test prep address the digital SAT and ACT? Ask if the test prep is working with materials adapted to the new digital format of the SAT. Did they revise their test prep strategy in response to the new format of the test? Ask if they are up to date on the upcoming changes ahead for the ACT. How will they be adapting their materials in response to these changes? How are they getting their information? Are tutors taking the new tests? Are they waiting until test information is released officially by the College Board or ACT organizations?

What is the content of the test preparation and how are the sessions administered? Is time equally divided between the different sections of the exams, or are whole sessions devoted to specific sections? Is more time spent on particular sections or particular skills development?  Additionally, ask how many full-length practice exams, using real exams, will be given – the more, the better.  Also, ask how the practice exams are scored and shared with students.  Do they get personal feedback on their strengths and weaknesses? Of course, students should always consider how they learn best and then look for programs that are a good match for their learning style. Some students will do best with private tutoring, while other students can do well in a group setting.

What materials will be used?  The best test prep classes and tutors will use actual SAT and/or ACT exams for practice rather than create their own exams.  While many test prep companies use their own proprietary study books, they should also incorporate the College Board’s and the ACT’s study guides into the classroom.

For group settings, what is the class size?  Look for smaller groups, and be sure to ask how much time is allocated in each class session to answer individual questions.

What is the refund policy?  If your child thinks the course isn’t helping after a session or two, can you get a refund? What happens if your child gets sick or has a scheduling conflict that requires dropping out of the course?

The best programs provide personalized attention while maintaining high educational standards. They should demonstrate a track record of success without making unrealistic promises about score improvements.

Look for programs that focus on comprehensive test preparation rather than quick fixes or guaranteed results. The goal should be finding a program that aligns with the students learning style and provides the tools needed for success on the first attempt.

Focus on Major: Nursing

Imagine saving lives before you've even hit your mid-twenties – that's what a career in nursing could offer you. From helping deliver newborns to supporting patients through their toughest battles, nursing puts you at the heart of healthcare's most meaningful moments.

The nursing profession offers strong job security and competitive pay. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics' Employment Projections 2022-2032, the Registered Nursing (RN) workforce is expected to grow by 6% over the next decade, expanding from 3.1 million to 3.3 million nurses.

The duties of a registered nurse include treatment of patients, education of both patients and the public about medical conditions, and providing advice and support to the families of patients. Some RNs specialize in a specific type of care..  

There are three main paths to becoming a registered nurse: a bachelor's degree (BSN), an associate's degree (ADN), and a diploma from an approved nursing program. The BSN offers the most career opportunities and the ability to pursue advanced degrees leading to nurse practitioner roles.

Once a student passes the national licensing exam NCLEX-RN, they are eligible for employment as an entry-level staff nurse. 

Although there are several paths to becoming a nurse, obtaining a bachelor’s degree is necessary for administrative and teaching positions, as well as for advanced practice positions such as nurse midwife, nurse anesthetist, nurse practitioner, and clinical nurse specialist. Some advanced nursing practice specialties also require additional study leading to a master’s degree.

Nursing education programs include classroom instruction in such areas as anatomy, physiology, chemistry, nutrition, psychology, microbiology, and nursing.  Supervised clinical experience is provided in hospital settings and generally involves rotations in pediatrics, surgery, psychiatry, and maternity. Nursing programs have found themselves becoming more and more competitive, with high grades in high school or the first two years of college becoming a necessity.  Experience in a healthcare setting also may be considered in the application process.  

Healthcare experience can strengthen applications along with test scores. The national average acceptance rate for nursing schools is 66%, though rates vary significantly by institution.

High school students determined to pursue a BSN might consider direct-entry nursing programs offered by some schools. Your Journey Ahead counselor will tell you whether your high school coursework and extra curricular experience makes you eligible for direct entry. Such programs allow students to begin pre-nursing classes immediately and start clinical rotations in their second year. Some colleges guarantee nursing school admission to pre-nursing students who meet specific academic requirements.

To become a competitive applicant, students should take the most challenging high school curriculum they can manage successfully. With nursing education becoming increasingly selective, strong academic preparation is essential for gaining admission to these programs.

How Merit Aid Makes Private Colleges More Affordable

Private colleges across the United States have expanded their merit-based aid programs in response to competition from public institutions and affordability concerns. This strategy has made private education more accessible to middle-income families. According to the National Association of College and University Business Officers, private nonprofit colleges reached a record average tuition discount rate of 56.1% for first-time, full-time students in 2023-24, meaning families typically pay less than half the published tuition rate.

Most highly-selective colleges only provide need-based financial aid. Many other selective private colleges have developed robust merit scholarship programs to attract exceptional students. These programs particularly benefit families who earn too much for substantial need-based aid but struggle with annual college costs exceeding $80,000. Top-tier institutions like Emory University, USC, and Duke University offer competitive merit scholarship programs that can cover full tuition and additional expenses for the most exceptional students. 

Although private colleges can be very expensive, your Journey Ahead counselor’s understanding of colleges’ past admissions/financial offers combined with your student’s academic performance will help determine if a private college will fit within the your budget.

Guaranteed scholarship programs have also expanded, offering assured funding based on specific academic criteria, typically combining GPA and standardized test scores. The test-optional movement has led many institutions to create alternative pathways for merit scholarship consideration, including portfolio reviews and comprehensive achievement evaluations. Many schools continue to offer guaranteed scholarships to National Merit Scholarship finalists, with some increasing award amounts to match rising costs.

Private colleges offer distinct advantages beyond financial considerations. Their student-centered learning environment, with smaller class sizes and frequent professor interaction, creates valuable opportunities for mentorship and collaborative research. These institutions have generally maintained strong student support services, including comprehensive academic advising, career counseling, and learning support services, while many public institutions face resource constraints.

The focus on holistic student development often results in stronger alumni networks and career placement services, offering long-term professional advantages. Additionally, private colleges maintain higher four-year graduation rates compared to public institutions, leading to potential savings through reduced tuition costs and earlier workforce entry.

As families evaluate college options in 2025, looking beyond published tuition rates is essential. Merit scholarships have transformed private colleges' financial accessibility, making them viable for many families who might otherwise dismiss them based on sticker price. Strong academic performance can unlock significant merit aid opportunities.

For students beginning their college search, the message is clear: don't let initial price tags deter you from considering private colleges. With a strong academic record, a private college education may be more affordable than anticipated when considering the total value of the educational experience and time to graduation. The transformation in college financing through expanded merit aid programs has created new opportunities for students to access private education.

Choosing High School Coursework

When choosing courses for the following year of high school, do you pick classes because they will look good on your college application? Do you worry that you aren’t taking enough or any honors or AP classes? The truth is, successful college preparation looks different for every student, whether your goal is a small private college, a flagship university, or an elite college. The key to all future academic opportunities is a well-rounded education, so students should seek to gain skills, knowledge, and information. Students also need to find ways to develop a global perspective by learning more about the world beyond their classroom. Be knowledge-thirsty as opposed to grade-hungry!

To be competitive, students should aim to take four years in all core subjects. This includes English, one foreign language, history/social science, math, and science. Electives can also reveal the range of an applicant’s interests and help enrich their overall presentation. Taking advanced classes in your areas of academic interest also reveals more about you. 

Advanced Placement (AP) and Honors courses represent one approach to academic challenge. It's important to consider the amount of time and work needed to fully engage in the course. Taking too many honors and AP courses can sometimes become overwhelming due to the amount of reading, writing, and other preparation required within the context of a student's overall schedule and extracurricular activities. Standard-level courses, on the other hand, are equally valuable and often more appropriate for building strong skills.

Your Journey Ahead counselor will discuss and help you select your upcoming curriculum according to your academic goals.

For students with learning differences or those who find standard courses better suited to their learning style, success comes from finding the right balance. Imagine you're learning to play a musical instrument - while some students might jump into advanced pieces, others might benefit more from mastering basics with excellent technique. Both approaches can lead to becoming a skilled musician.

Think of course selection as creating your academic soundtrack. Some students might excel at classical piano, while others shine in jazz or contemporary music. Similarly, your academic choices should reflect your strengths and interests while gradually building your capabilities.

This means different things for different students: for those with particular academic strengths, it might mean taking advanced courses in those areas while maintaining standard-level courses elsewhere. A student comfortable with mathematics but who finds language arts challenging might take AP Calculus while enrolling in standard English classes.

Many students find success through paths beyond traditional high school courses. Dual enrollment at a community college can provide a different learning environment. Summer programs and online courses offer flexibility in timing and pacing.

Advice for parents supporting your student through this journey: Like being a good coach - you want to challenge them appropriately while avoiding burnout. This means encouraging courses that match their abilities, helping them access support resources when needed, and celebrating progress rather than only grades. Successful college preparation isn't about maximizing course difficulty - it's about building a strong foundation for future learning while developing confidence in your abilities. Think of it as training for a marathon - the goal isn't to sprint every practice run but to build endurance and strength consistently over time.

Remember, students, you can’t design your school’s curriculum but you can control how you complete your four years of high school, so plan well. 

Take advantage of all opportunities at your school and in your local area. Try to immerse yourself in meaningful activities that reveal more about who you are and what matters to you. Remember, go for quality not quantity. Consider ways to supplement and/or advance your curriculum by completing a dual-enrollment program or summer classes. Aiming for mastery in core subjects will clearly show readiness for the rigor of the college classroom. 

Why It's Important for Teens to Read Books

You may have seen a lot of articles recently citing research that college students are not accustomed to reading full texts of books anymore. And those how do, may struggle.

For many teens, reading feels like a school chore rather than something enjoyable. But what if we reframed reading as a workout for the brain? Reading can improve focus, creativity, academic performance, and even mental well-being. Professor Barbara Sahakian from the University of Cambridge highlights that “reading isn’t just a pleasurable experience – it inspires thinking and creativity, increases empathy, and reduces stress.” Here are some reasons why teens should make reading a habit.

In a world full of digital distractions, reading offers a rare opportunity to unwind. Opening a book for pleasure is like stepping into another world, allowing teens to escape daily pressures. Even a few minutes of reading can significantly reduce stress levels, helping teens find a sense of calm amid the demands of school and social life.

Reading also builds academic success by exposing teens to new vocabulary and complex language. This helps students become more comfortable with challenging words, which can boost performance on standardized tests and make exams feel less intimidating. It’s a valuable skill in interviews as well, where being able to discuss a recent book demonstrates curiosity and intellectual engagement, as well as strengthens critical thinking skills. 

Whether reading a mystery novel that encourages piecing together clues or a non-fiction book that invites reflection on the author’s arguments, reading promotes active mental engagement that goes beyond passive activities such as watching television. Developing these critical thinking skills helps teens make better decisions in daily life.

Additionally, reading expands horizons and builds empathy by introducing readers to different cultures, perspectives, and ways of life. This helps teens see situations from others’ viewpoints, fostering empathy and compassion—qualities that are essential for building strong relationships and personal growth.

Reading also improves writing skills. Exposure to different writing styles, techniques, and vocabulary can inspire teens to improve their writing, an invaluable skill in both school and future careers.

Finally, reading strengthens focus and concentration. Unlike social media, which divides attention, reading requires a sustained focus on a single story. This skill translates to other areas of life, helping teens become more productive and centered.

In short, reading isn’t just a pastime—it’s an investment in mental, academic, and emotional growth that can lead to greater success and fulfillment throughout life. The American Library Association provides a great list of books for young adults.

What is Demonstrated Interest?

In college admissions, showing genuine interest can significantly improve your chances of acceptance at certain schools. While colleges track common forms of demonstrated interest—such as campus visits and opening emails—going beyond the basics can make a big difference. These strategies not only demonstrate an authentic interest but also help you engage deeply with the university, ensuring it’s the right fit for you.

One powerful way to demonstrate interest is by exploring your intended major in depth. Instead of just browsing the website, sign up for more information and look for opportunities to connect with the specific department. For example, if you’re interested in working with children, explore the Department of Early Childhood Development and see if there are chances to meet with academic advisors or visit their daycare center.

Subscribing to newsletters enables you to learn about upcoming presentations or guest lectures. Staying informed about departmental news shows a long-term commitment to your field. Attending webinars, lectures, and when available, Q&A sessions for prospective students allows you to introduce yourself to faculty and staff. Be sure to follow- up afterward, further demonstrating commitment.

Connecting with admissions representatives can provide valuable insights and show your strong interest in the school.  

If your interests align with a professor’s research, reach out with thoughtful questions or comments. Mention how their work has influenced your decision to pursue this field. 

Some professors may be willing to share their insights with prospective students, but respect their limited time. 

Colleges often offer online events that provide additional insight. Participate in webinars or virtual tours to better understand the college’s culture, campus life, and academic programs. These are great opportunities to interact with students and faculty.

If you’re planning a campus visit sign up for the student led tour using your personal email address (not your parents’), and contact admissions to see if you can meet or sit in on a class. Afterward, send a follow-up email with your insights and questions, showing your enthusiasm for the academic environment.

Interviews are also a great way to showcase your interest and personality. Some colleges offer interviews with current students, alumni, or admissions counselors as part of the application process. Use this opportunity to discuss your academic goals, ask thoughtful questions, and highlight why you’re a good fit.

Attend college fairs and events at your high school in person or virtually. This is a great opportunity to make personal connections with admissions representatives who are often the first reviewers of your application and may advocate for you in the admissions office. Don’t forget to get their contact information and send a follow-up email.  

When communicating with college representatives, ask questions that reflect genuine curiosity. Avoid topics easily answered on the website. Instead, focus on specific programs or research opportunities.

A personalized thank-you note after meetings or interviews can leave a lasting impression. Reference specific parts of your conversation and include a follow-up question or thought to show continued engagement.

By taking these extra steps, you show admissions committees that you’re not only interested but also proactive and passionate about your future there. These actions can make a significant impression and demonstrate you’re ready to take full advantage of what the college offers.

Remember, the goal is to build meaningful connections and authentically convey your enthusiasm. Your efforts can make a lasting impact and potentially tip the scales in your favor.